1799 – George Washington, American general and politician, 1st President of the United States (b. 1732) dies.
1819 – Alabama becomes the 22nd U.S. state.
1883 – Morihei Ueshiba, Japanese martial artist, developed aikido (d. 1969) is born.
1902 – The Commercial Pacific Cable Company lays the first Pacific telegraph cable, from San Francisco to Honolulu.
1903 – The Wright brothers make their first attempt to fly with the Wright Flyer at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.
1940 – Plutonium (specifically Pu-238) is first isolated at Berkeley, California.
1943 – John Harvey Kellogg, American physician and businessman, co-invented corn flakes (b. 1852) dies.
1962 – NASA's Mariner 2 becomes the first spacecraft to fly by Venus.
1963 – The dam containing the Baldwin Hills Reservoir bursts, killing five people and damaging hundreds of homes in Los Angeles, California.
1964 – American Civil Rights Movement: Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States: The Supreme Court of the United States rules that Congress can use the Constitution's Commerce Clause to fight discrimination.
1972 – Apollo program: Eugene Cernan is the last person to walk on the moon, after he and Harrison Schmitt complete the third and final extravehicular activity (EVA) of the Apollo 17 mission.
2006 – Ahmet Ertegün, Turkish-American composer and producer, co-founded Atlantic Records (b. 1923) dies.
2012 – Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting: Twenty-eight people, including the gunman, are killed in Sandy Hook, Connecticut.
2014 – Bess Myerson, American model, activist, game show panelist and television personality; Miss America 1945 (b. 1924) dies.
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