1811 – Inventor John Stevens' boat, the Juliana, begins operation as the first steam-powered ferry (service between New York City, New York, and Hoboken, New Jersey).
1821 – George Williams, English philanthropist, founded the YMCA (d. 1905) is born.
1835 – Theodore Thomas, American conductor, founded the Chicago Symphony Orchestra (d. 1905) is born.
1844 – Henry J. Heinz, American businessman, founded the H. J. Heinz Company (d. 1916) is born.
1852 – The University of Sydney, Australia's oldest university, is inaugurated in Sydney.
1884 – Eleanor Roosevelt, American humanitarian and politician, 39th First Lady of the United States (d. 1962) is born.
1890 – In Washington, D.C., the Daughters of the American Revolution is founded.
1899 – The Western League is renamed the American League.
1906 – San Francisco public school board sparks a diplomatic crisis between the United States and Japan by ordering Japanese students to be taught in racially segregated schools.
1910 – Former President Theodore Roosevelt becomes the first U.S. president to fly in an airplane. He flew for four minutes with Arch Hoxsey in a plane built by the Wright brothers at Kinloch Field (Lambert–St. Louis International Airport), St. Louis, Missouri.
1935 – Dan Evins, American businessman, founded Cracker Barrel Old Country Store (d. 2012) is born.
1950 – Television: CBS's mechanical color system is the first to be licensed for broadcast by the U.S. Federal Communications Commission.
1958 – Pioneer program: NASA launches the lunar probe Pioneer 1 (the probe falls back to Earth and burns up).
1968 – Apollo program: NASA launches Apollo 7, the first successful manned Apollo mission, with astronauts Wally Schirra, Donn F. Eisele and Walter Cunningham aboard.
1972 – A race riot occurs on the United States Navy aircraft carrier Kitty Hawk off the coast of Vietnam during Operation Linebacker.
1975 – The NBC sketch comedy/variety show Saturday Night Live debuts.
1976 – George Washington's appointment, posthumously, to the grade of General of the Armies by congressional joint resolution Public Law 94-479 is approved by President Gerald R. Ford.
1984 – Aboard the Space Shuttle Challenger, astronaut Kathryn D. Sullivan becomes the first American woman to perform a space walk.
1987 – First public display of AIDS Memorial Quilt on the National Mall in Washington, D.C., during the National March on Washington for Lesbian and Gay Rights.
2000 – NASA launches STS-92, the 100th Space Shuttle mission, using Space Shuttle Discovery.
2001 – The Polaroid Corporation files for federal bankruptcy protection.
2004 – The PBS Kids Go! programming block is introduced replacing PBS Kids Bookworm Bunch a joint programming block with Nelvana Limited.
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