1682 – Philadelphia, Pennsylvania is founded.
1811 – Isaac Singer, American actor and businessman, founded the Singer Corporation (d. 1875) is born.
1858 – Theodore Roosevelt, American colonel and politician, 26th President of the United States, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1919) is born.
1872 – Emily Post, American author, founded The Emily Post Institute (d. 1960) is born.
1896 – Edith Haisman, South African-English survivor of the sinking of the RMS Titanic (d. 1997) is born.
1914 – The British lose their first battleship of World War I: The British super-dreadnought battleship HMS Audacious (23,400 tons) is sunk off Tory Island, north-west of Ireland, by a minefield laid by the armed German merchant-cruiser Berlin. The loss was kept an official secret in Britain until 14 November 1918 (three days after the end of the war). The sinking was witnessed and photographed by passengers on RMS Olympic sister ship of RMS Titanic.
1954 – Benjamin O. Davis, Jr. becomes the first African-American general in the United States Air Force.
1964 – Ronald Reagan delivers a speech on behalf of the Republican candidate for president, Barry Goldwater. The speech launches his political career and comes to be known as "A Time for Choosing".
1967 – Catholic priest Philip Berrigan and others of the 'Baltimore Four' protest the Vietnam War by pouring blood on Selective Service records.
1988 – Ronald Reagan suspends construction of the new U.S. Embassy in Moscow because of Soviet listening devices in the building structure.
1997 – Stock Market mini-crash: Stock markets around the world crash because of fears of a global economic meltdown. The Dow Jones Industrial Average plummets 554.26 points to 7,161.15.
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