1747 – The first venereal diseases clinic opens at London Lock Hospital.
1801 – John Marshall is appointed the Chief Justice of the United States.
1848 – John C. Frémont is court-martialed for mutiny and disobeying orders.
1862 – Alvan Graham Clark discovers the white dwarf star Sirius B, a companion of Sirius, through an 18.5-inch (47 cm) telescope now located at Northwestern University.
1865 – American Civil War: The United States Congress passes the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, abolishing slavery and submits it to the states for ratification.
1865 – American Civil War: Confederate General Robert E. Lee becomes general-in-chief.
1919 – Jackie Robinson, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 1972) is born.
1929 – The Soviet Union exiles Leon Trotsky.
1930 – 3M begins marketing Scotch Tape.
1931 – Ernie Banks, American baseball player, Chicago Cubs Hall of Famer, and coach (d. 2015) is born.
1945 – US Army private Eddie Slovik is executed for desertion, the first such execution of an American soldier since the Civil War.
1947 – Nolan Ryan, American baseball player and Hall of Fame pitcher is born.
1949 – These Are My Children, the first television daytime soap opera is broadcast by the NBC station in Chicago.
1950 – United States President Harry S. Truman announces a program to develop the hydrogen bomb.
1953 – A North Sea flood causes over 1,800 deaths in the Netherlands and over 300 in the United Kingdom
1954 – Edwin Howard Armstrong, American engineer, invented FM radio (b. 1890) dies.
1956 – A. A. Milne, English author, poet, and playwright; wrote Winnie-the-Pooh (b. 1882) dies.
1957 – Eight people on the ground in Pacoima, California are killed following the mid-air collision between a Douglas DC-7 airliner and a Northrop F-89 Scorpion fighter jet.
1958 – Explorer program: Explorer 1: The first successful launch of an American satellite into orbit.
1961 – Project Mercury: Mercury-Redstone 2: Ham the Chimp travels into outer space.
1966 – The Soviet Union launches the unmanned Luna 9 spacecraft as part of the Luna program.
1971 – Apollo program: Apollo 14: Astronauts Alan Shepard, Stuart Roosa, and Edgar Mitchell, aboard a Saturn V, lift off for a mission to the Fra Mauro Highlands on the Moon.
1971 – The Winter Soldier Investigation, organized by the Vietnam Veterans Against the War to publicize war crimes and atrocities by Americans and allies in Vietnam, begins in Detroit.
1974 – Samuel Goldwyn, Polish-born American film producer; co-founded Goldwyn Pictures (b. 1882) dies.
1981 – Justin Timberlake, American singer-songwriter, dancer, and actor is born.
1990 – The first McDonald's in the Soviet Union opens in Moscow.
1999 – Shohei Baba, Japanese wrestler; co-founded All Japan Pro Wrestling (b. 1938) dies.
2000 – Alaska Airlines Flight 261 crash: An MD-83, experiencing horizontal stabilizer problems, crashes in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of Point Mugu, California, killing all 88 aboard.
2010 – Avatar becomes the first film to gross over $2 billion worldwide.
2011 – A winter storm hits North America for the second time in the same month, causing $1.8 billion in damage across the United States and Canada and killing 24 people.
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