1547 – Henry VIII dies. His nine-year-old son, Edward VI becomes King, and the first Protestant ruler of England.
1724 – The Russian Academy of Sciences is founded in St. Petersburg by Peter the Great, and implemented by Senate decree. It is called the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences until 1917.
1813 – Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice is first published in the United Kingdom.
1820 – A Russian expedition led by Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen and Mikhail Petrovich Lazarev discovers the Antarctic continent, approaching the Antarctic coast.
1851 – Northwestern University becomes the first chartered university in Illinois.
1855 – A locomotive on the Panama Canal Railway, runs from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean for the first time.
1878 – Yale Daily News becomes the first daily college newspaper in the United States.
1887 – In a snowstorm at Fort Keogh, Montana, the world's largest snowflakes are reported, 15 inches (38 cm) wide and 8 inches (20 cm) thick.
1902 – The Carnegie Institution of Washington is founded in Washington, D.C. with a $10 million gift from Andrew Carnegie.
1909 – United States troops leave Cuba with the exception of Guantanamo Bay Naval Base after being there since the Spanish–American War.
1912 – Jackson Pollock, American painter (d. 1956) is born.
1915 – An act of the U.S. Congress creates the United States Coast Guard as a branch of the United States Armed Forces.
1922 – Knickerbocker Storm, Washington D.C.'s biggest snowfall, causes the city's greatest loss of life when the roof of the Knickerbocker Theatre collapses.
1934 – The first ski tow in the United States begins operation in Vermont.
1936 – Alan Alda, American actor, director, and screenwriter is born.
1935 – Iceland becomes the first Western country to legalize therapeutic abortion.
1938 – The World Land Speed Record on a public road is broken by Rudolf Caracciola in the Mercedes-Benz W195 at a speed of 432.7 kilometres per hour (268.9 mph).
1955 – Vinod Khosla, Indian-American businessman; co-founded Sun Microsystems is born.
1956 – Elvis Presley makes his first US television appearance
1958 – The Lego company patents the design of its Lego bricks, still compatible with bricks produced today.
1960 – The National Football League announced expansion teams for Dallas to start in the 1960 NFL season and Minneapolis-St. Paul for 1961 NFL season.
1965 – The current design of the Flag of Canada is chosen by an act of Parliament.
1968 – Sarah McLachlan, Canadian singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer is born.
1977 – The first day of the Great Lakes Blizzard of 1977 which dumps 10 feet (3.0 m) of snow in one-day in Upstate New York, with Buffalo, Syracuse, Watertown, and surrounding areas most affected.
1979 – CBS News Sunday Morning debuts with original host and cocreator Charles Kuralt.
1980 – Nick Carter, American singer-songwriter, producer, dancer, and actor (Backstreet Boys) is born.
1981 – Ronald Reagan lifts remaining domestic petroleum price and allocation controls in the United States helping to end the 1979 energy crisis and begin the 1980s oil glut.
1985 – Supergroup USA for Africa (United Support of Artists for Africa) records the hit single We Are the World, to help raise funds for Ethiopian famine relief.
1986 – Space Shuttle program: STS-51-L mission – Space Shuttle Challenger explodes after liftoff, killing all seven astronauts on board: Gregory Jarvis, American captain, engineer, and astronaut (b. 1944), Christa McAuliffe, American educator and astronaut (b. 1948), Ronald McNair, American physicist and astronaut (b. 1950), Ellison Onizuka, American engineer and astronaut (b. 1946), Judith Resnik, American colonel, engineer, and astronaut (b. 1949), Dick Scobee, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut (b. 1939) & Michael J. Smith, American captain, pilot, and astronaut (b. 1945).
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