1770 – Boston Massacre: Five Americans, including Crispus Attucks, are fatally shot by British troops in an event that would contribute to the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War (also known as the American War of Independence) five years later.
1872 – George Westinghouse patents the air brake.
1898 – Zhou Enlai, Chinese politician, 1st Premier of the People's Republic of China (d. 1976) is born.
1923 – Juan A. Rivero, Puerto Rican-American biologist and academic, founded Dr. Juan A. Rivero Zoo (d. 2014) is born.
1929 – David Dunbar Buick, Scottish-American businessman, founded Buick (b. 1854) dies.
1933 – Great Depression: President Franklin D. Roosevelt declares a "bank holiday", closing all U.S. banks and freezing all financial transactions.
1933 – Adolf Hitler's Nazi Party receives 43.9% at the Reichstag elections. This later allows the Nazis to pass the Enabling Act and establish a dictatorship.
1946 – Winston Churchill coins the phrase "Iron Curtain" in his speech at Westminster College, Missouri.
1963 – Patsy Cline, American singer-songwriter (b. 1932) dies.
1966 – BOAC Flight 911 crashes on Mount Fuji, Japan, killing 124.
1979 – Soviet probes Venera 11, Venera 12 and the German-American solar satellite Helios II all are hit by "off the scale" gamma rays leading to the discovery of soft gamma repeaters.
1979 – America's Voyager 1 spacecraft has its closest approach to Jupiter, 172,000 miles.
1982 – John Belushi, American actor, singer, and screenwriter (The Blues Brothers) (b. 1949) dies.
1998 – 1998 Winter Paralympics, the first Winter Paralympics to be held outside Europe, takes place in Nagano, Japan.
2013 – Hugo Chávez, Venezuelan colonel and politician, President of Venezuela (b. 1954) dies.
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