1801 – John Marshall is sworn in as Chief Justice of the United States.
1825 – The Ohio Legislature authorizes the construction of the Ohio and Erie Canal and the Miami and Erie Canal.
1846 – The first Mormon pioneers make their exodus from Nauvoo, Illinois, westward towards Salt Lake Valley.
1861 – American Civil War: In Montgomery, Alabama, delegates from six break-away U.S. states meet and form the Confederate States of America.
1871 – Friedrich Ebert, German politician, 1st President of Germany (d. 1925) is born.
1899 – The Philippine–American War begins with the Battle of Manila.
1912 – Byron Nelson, American golfer and sportscaster (d. 2006) is born.
1941 – The United Service Organization (USO) is created to entertain American troops.
1947 – Dan Quayle, American sergeant, lawyer, and politician, 44th Vice President of the United States is born.
1959 – Lawrence Taylor, American football player, HOF New York Giants, and sportscaster is born
1961 – Denis Savard, Canadian ice hockey player, Chicago Blackhawks, and coach is born.
1967 – Lunar Orbiter program: Lunar Orbiter 3 lifts off from Cape Canaveral's Launch Complex 13 on its mission to identify possible landing sites for the Surveyor and Apollo spacecraft.
1969 – Yasser Arafat takes over as chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization.
1973 – Oscar De La Hoya, American boxer and singer is born.
1974 – The Symbionese Liberation Army kidnaps Patty Hearst in Berkeley, California.
1976 – In Guatemala and Honduras an earthquake kills more than 22,000.
1977 – A Chicago Transit Authority elevated train rear-ends another and derails, killing 11 and injuring 180, the worst accident in the agency's history.
1983 – Karen Carpenter, American singer and drummer (The Carpenters) (b. 1950) dies.
1987 – Liberace, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and actor (b. 1919)
1996 – Major snowstorm paralyzes Midwestern United States, Milwaukee, Wisconsin and ties all-time record low temperature at −26 °F (−32.2 °C)
1998 – An earthquake measuring 6.1 on the Richter Scale in northeast Afghanistan kills more than 5,000.
2004 – Facebook, a mainstream online social networking site, is founded by Mark Zuckerberg.
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