TODAY IN HISTORY - JULY 20TH

1738 – Canadian explorer Pierre Gaultier de Varennes et de La Vérendrye reaches the western shore of Lake Michigan.

1848 – The first Women's Rights Convention in Seneca Falls, New York, a two-day event, concludes.

1885 – The Football Association legalizes professionalism in association football under pressure from the British Football Association.

1889 – John Reith, 1st Baron Reith, Scottish broadcaster, co-founded BBC (d. 1971) is born.

1903 – The Ford Motor Company ships its first car.

1929 – Mike Ilitch, American businessman, co-founded Little Caesars is born.

1932 – In Washington, D.C., police fire tear gas on World War I veterans, part of the Bonus Expeditionary Force, who attempt to march to the White House.

1934 – Labor unrest in the U.S.: Police in Minneapolis fire upon striking truck drivers, during the Minneapolis Teamsters Strike of 1934, killing two and wounding sixty-seven.

1934 – West Coast waterfront strike: In Seattle, police fire tear gas on and club 2,000 striking longshoremen. The governor of Oregon calls out the National Guard to break a strike on the Portland docks.

1938 – Natalie Wood, American actress (d. 1981) is born.

1938 – The United States Department of Justice files suit in New York City against the motion picture industry charging violations of the Sherman Antitrust Act in regards to the studio system. The case would eventually result in a break-up of the industry in 1948.

1940 – California opens its first freeway, the Arroyo Seco Parkway.

1947 – Carlos Santana, Mexican-American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Santana) is born.

1960 – The Polaris missile is successfully launched from a submarine, the USS George Washington, for the first time.

1968 – The first International Special Olympics Summer Games are held at Soldier Field in Chicago, with about 1,000 athletes with intellectual disabilities.

1977 – The Central Intelligence Agency releases documents under the Freedom of Information Act revealing it had engaged in mind-control experiments.

1980 – Gisele Bündchen, Brazilian model, actress, and singer is born.

1988 – Julianne Hough, American singer-songwriter, actress, and dancer is born.

1997 – The fully restored USS Constitution (a.k.a. Old Ironsides) celebrates its 200th birthday by setting sail for the first time in 116 years.

2012 – James Holmes opened fire at a movie theater in Aurora, Colorado, killing 12 and injuring 70 others.

2015 – The United States and Cuba resume full diplomatic relations after five decades.