1864 – American Civil War: Confederate spy Belle Boyd is arrested by Union troops and detained at the Old Capitol Prison in Washington, D.C.
1890 – Vincent van Gogh, Dutch painter and illustrator (b. 1853) dies.
1907 – Sir Robert Baden-Powell sets up the Brownsea Island Scout camp in Poole Harbour on the south coast of England. The camp runs from August 1 to August 9, 1907, and is regarded as the foundation of the Scouting movement.
1914 – The Cape Cod Canal opened.
1932 – Great Depression: In Washington, D.C., troops disperse the last of the "Bonus Army" of World War I veterans.
1936 – Elizabeth Dole, American lawyer and politician, 20th United States Secretary of Labor is born.
1938 – Peter Jennings, Canadian-American journalist and author (d. 2005) is born.
1945 – The BBC Light Programme radio station is launched for mainstream light entertainment and music.
1958 – U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs into law the National Aeronautics and Space Act, which creates the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).
1959 – First United States Congress elections in Hawaii as a state of the Union.
1974 – Cass Elliot, American singer and actress (The Mamas & the Papas, The Big 3, and The Mugwumps) (b. 1941) dies.
1976 – In New York City, David Berkowitz (a.k.a. the "Son of Sam") kills one person and seriously wounds another in the first of a series of attacks.
1981 – A worldwide television audience of over 700 million people watch the wedding of Charles, Prince of Wales, and Lady Diana Spencer at St Paul's Cathedral in London.
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