1754 – William Murdoch, Scottish engineer and inventor, created gas lighting (d. 1839) is born.
1831 – Nat Turner leads black slaves and free blacks in a rebellion in Southampton County, Virginia, which will claim the lives of 55-65 whites.
1863 – Lawrence, Kansas is destroyed by Confederate guerrillas Quantrill's Raiders in the Lawrence Massacre.
1888 – The first successful adding machine in the United States is patented by William Seward Burroughs.
1897 – Oldsmobile, a brand of American automobiles, is founded.
1911 – The Mona Lisa is stolen by a Louvre employee.
1936 – Wilt Chamberlain, American basketball player and coach (d. 1999) is born.
1938 – Kenny Rogers, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, producer, and actor (The New Christy Minstrels and The First Edition) is born.
1945 – Physicist Harry Daghlian is fatally irradiated in a criticality accident during an experiment with the Demon core at Los Alamos National Laboratory.
1959 – Jim McMahon, American football player and coach is born.
1959 – United States President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs an executive order proclaiming Hawaii the 50th state of the union. Hawaii's admission is currently commemorated by Hawaii Admission Day
1960 – David B. Steinman, American engineer, designed the Mackinac Bridge (b. 1886) dies.
1961 – Motown releases what would be its first #1 hit, "Please Mr. Postman" by The Marvelettes.
1968 – James Anderson, Jr. posthumously receives the first Medal of Honor to be awarded to an African American U.S. Marine.
1979 – Soviet dancer Alexander Godunov defects to the United States.
1986 – Usain Bolt, Jamaican sprinter is born.
1989 – Hayden Panettiere, American actress and singer is born.
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