1852 – Michael J. McGivney, American priest, founded the Knights of Columbus (d. 1890) is born.
1860 – Klara Hitler, Austrian mother of Adolf Hitler (d. 1907) is born.
1861 – Eliphalet Remington, American inventor and businessman, founded Remington Arms (b. 1793) dies.
1880 – Christy Mathewson, American baseball player and manager (d. 1925) is born.
1881 – Cecil B. DeMille, American director and producer (d. 1959) is born.
1898 – The Hawaiian flag is lowered from ʻIolani Palace in an elaborate annexation ceremony and replaced with the flag of the United States to signify the transfer of sovereignty from the Republic of Hawaii to the United States.
1925 – Norris McWhirter, Scottish publisher and activist co-founded the Guinness World Records (d. 2004) is born.
1925 – Ross McWhirter, Scottish publisher and activist, co-founded the Guinness World Records (d. 1975) is born.
1944 – Joseph P. Kennedy, Jr., American lieutenant and pilot (b. 1915) dies.
1952 – The Night of the Murdered Poets: Thirteen prominent Jewish intellectuals are murdered in Moscow, Russia, Soviet Union.
1958 – Art Kane photographs 57 notable jazz musicians in the black and white group portrait "A Great Day in Harlem" in front of a Brownstone in New York City.
1964 – Ian Fleming, English spy, journalist, and author (b. 1908) dies.
1964 – South Africa is banned from the Olympic Games due to the country's racist policies.
1964 – Charlie Wilson, one of the Great Train Robbers, escapes from Winson Green Prison in Birmingham, England, United Kingdom.
1969 – Violence erupts after the Apprentice Boys of Derry march in Derry, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom resulting in a three-day communal riot known as the Battle of the Bogside.
1977 – The first free flight of the Space Shuttle Enterprise.
1981 – The IBM Personal Computer is released.
1982 – Mexico announces that it is unable to pay its enormous external debt, marking the beginning of a debt crisis that spreads to all of Latin America and the Third World.
1990 – Sue, the largest and most complete Tyrannosaurus Rex skeleton found to date, is discovered by Sue Hendrickson in South Dakota.
1992 – Canada, Mexico and the United States announce completion of negotiations for the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).
1994 – Major League Baseball players go on strike. This will force the cancellation of the 1994 World Series.
2007 – Merv Griffin, American actor, singer, and producer, created Jeopardy! and Wheel of Fortune (b. 1925) dies.
2014 – Lauren Bacall, American model, actress and singer (b. 1924) dies.
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