1775 – Founding of the U.S. Army Medical Department: The Second Continental Congress passes legislation establishing "an hospital for an army consisting of 20,000 men."
1789 – The first U.S. federal government agency, the Department of Foreign Affairs, is established (it will be later renamed Department of State).
1890 – Vincent van Gogh shoots himself and dies two days later.
1919 – The Chicago Race Riot erupts after a racial incident occurred on a South Side beach, leading to 38 fatalities and 537 injuries over a five-day period.
1922 – Norman Lear, American screenwriter and producer is born.
1938 – Gary Gygax, American game designer, co-created Dungeons & Dragons (d. 2008) is born.
1940 – The animated short A Wild Hare is released, introducing the character of Bugs Bunny.
1948 – Peggy Fleming, American figure skater and sportscaster is born.
1974 – Watergate scandal: The House of Representatives Judiciary Committee votes 27 to 11 to recommend the first article of impeachment (for obstruction of justice) against President Richard Nixon.
1987 – RMS Titanic Inc. begins the first expedited salvage of wreckage of the RMS Titanic.
1988 – Frank Zamboni, American inventor and businessman, founded the Zamboni Company (b. 1901) dies.
1995 – The Korean War Veterans Memorial is dedicated in Washington, D.C..
1996 – In Atlanta, United States, a pipe bomb explodes at Centennial Olympic Park during the 1996 Summer Olympics.
2003 – Bob Hope, English-American actor, singer, businessman and producer (b. 1903) dies.
2005 – After an incident during STS-114, NASA grounds the Space Shuttle, pending an investigation of the continuing problem with the shedding of foam insulation from the external fuel tank.
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