1776 – Thomas Paine publishes his pamphlet Common Sense.
1810 – Napoleon Bonaparte divorces his first wife Joséphine.
1861 – American Civil War: Florida secedes from the Union.
1863 – The London Underground, the world's oldest underground railway, opens between London Paddington station and Farringdon station.
1870 – John D. Rockefeller incorporates Standard Oil.
1901 – The first great Texas oil gusher is discovered at Spindletop in Beaumont, Texas.
1938 – Frank Mahovlich, Canadian ice hockey player and politician is born.
1938 – Willie McCovey, American baseball player is born.
1943 – Jim Croce, American singer-songwriter (d. 1973) is born.
1944 – Frank Sinatra, Jr., American singer-songwriter and actor is born.
1949 – George Foreman, American boxer, actor, and businessman is born.
1949 – Linda Lovelace, American porn actress and activist (d. 2002) is born.
1951 – Sinclair Lewis, American author and playwright; Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1885) dies.
1962 – Apollo program: NASA announces plans to build the C-5 rocket launch vehicle. It became better known as the Saturn V Moon rocket, which launched every Apollo Moon mission.
1990 – Time Warner is formed by the merger of Time Inc. and Warner Communications.
2005 – A mudslide occurs in La Conchita, California, killing 10 people, injuring many more and closing U.S. Route 101, the main coastal corridor between Los Angeles and San Francisco for 10 days.
2015 – A mass poisoning at a funeral in Mozambique involves beer that was deliberately contaminated with crocodile bile leaving at least 56 dead and nearly 200 hospitalized.
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